Proposed changes that could make onshore wind projects viable again are welcome news for farmers and landowners, but experts are urging caution before committing to a project.

The government has recently concluded a consultation on changes to permitted development rights in England aimed at boosting the small-scale wind sector.

Onshore wind development in England became all but impossible after the Conservative government introduced strict planning rules in 2015. Labour removed these restrictions shortly after taking office and is now looking at further measures to encourage investment.

"The proposed changes are a welcome step in the right direction for small-scale wind in England, particularly given that a full planning application for a new turbine can add up to  £30,000 to project costs if all the required surveys and community consultation are needed," says Jamie Baxter, Associate Partner in the energy team at Carter Jonas.

Currently, stand-alone wind turbines taller than 11m require planning permission. Under the proposed reforms, eligible single turbines in non-domestic settings could be installed under permitted development rights, removing the need for a full planning application.

Landowners would still need to seek prior approval from their local planning authority before work begins, and projects would have to satisfy conditions designed to protect sensitive sites, aviation interests and neighbouring properties.

The current proposals would limit turbines to a generating capacity of 50kW, with a maximum tip height of 30m and a rotor swept area of no more than 200m².

"The 30m tip height limit seems to reflect earlier turbine technology, and while there are turbines available that can meet that, the market has moved on," says Mr Baxter.

"If you're installing a turbine, it must be the right size for your site and power requirements."

He advises farmers to assess local grid constraints, review existing connections and compare costs before embarking on a project. Buying a refurbished turbine can significantly reduce upfront costs.

"Prices will vary depending on the cost of the refurb, transport, etc., but for an equivalent 50 kW turbine are likely to be  nearer £100,000 ," he explains.

"New turbines typically come with a two-to-five-year warranty and are expected to operate for 20 years with the correct maintenance. Refurbished turbines usually have an expected lifetime of nearer 15 years and a two-year warranty."

Mr Baxter stresses that farmers should focus on what works best for their own businesses, rather than simply taking advantage of new rules if they come into force.

"The greatest returns will be from reducing reliance on bought-in electricity, therefore accurately assessing your energy demand before committing to a renewable energy project is key," he adds.

"The more electricity generated that can be used on-site, the quicker the payback."